Ka tūhuratia e tēnei pepa te pānga o ngā mea whakau wera ki ngā hua PVC, me te arotahi kite ātete ki te wera, te ngāwari ki te tukatuka, me te māramaMā te tātari i ngā tuhinga me ngā raraunga whakamātautau, ka tirohia e mātou ngā taunekeneke i waenga i ngā mea whakau me te kapia PVC, me pēhea hoki te hanga i te pumau o te wera, te ngāwari o te hanga, me ngā āhuatanga whatu.
1. Whakataki
He kirihou wera te PVC e whakamahia whānuitia ana, engari nā te kore pumau o te pāmahana ka whakawhāitihia te tukatuka.Ngā mea whakaū werawhakaiti i te pirau i ngā pāmahana tiketike, ā, ka pā hoki ki te ngāwari o te tukatuka me te māramatanga—he mea nui mō ngā tono pēnei i te takai me ngā kiriata hoahoanga.
2. Te Ātete Wera o ngā Whakapūmau i roto i te PVC
2.1 Ngā Tikanga Whakapūmau
Ngā momo whakaū rerekē (he mea hanga ki te mata,konupūmā – konutea, organotin) whakamahi tikanga motuhake:
He mea ahu mai i te arataki: Tauhohe ki ngā ngota Cl koretake i roto i ngā mekameka PVC hei hanga i ngā matatini pumau, hei ārai i te pirau.
Konupūmā – konuteaWhakakotahitia te here waikawa me te tango i ngā matū kino.
Organotin (tine methyl/butyl): Whakakotahitia ki ngā mekameka pūmua hei aukati i te tango haurore, kia pai ai te pehi i te pirau.
2.2 Te Aromatawai i te Pūmautanga Wera
E whakaatu ana ngā whakamātautau tātaritanga werawera (TGA) he nui ake te pāmahana pirau o te PVC kua whakapūmautia ki te organotin i ngā pūnaha konupūmā-konutea tuku iho. Ahakoa he pumau tonu ētahi tukanga nā ngā whakapūmau mata, he iti noa te whakamahinga nā ngā āwangawanga taiao/hauora.
3. Ngā Pānga o te Tukatuka
3.1 Te Rere Rewa me te Matatini
Ka whakarerekētia e ngā whakau te whanonga rewa o te PVC:
Konupūmā – konutea: Tērā pea ka whakanui ake i te matotoru rewa, ka ārai i te whakaputanga/werohanga whakarewa.
OrganotinWhakaitihia te matotoru mō te tukatuka maeneene ake, iti iho te pāmahana—he pai mō ngā raina tere nui.
He mea ahu mai i te aratakiHe rere rewa ngawari engari he whaiti ngā matapihi tukatuka nā te tūponotanga o te pereti ki waho.
3.2 Te Whakahinuhinu me te Tukunga Pokepoke
Ko ētahi o ngā mea whakaū ka mahi hei hinu whakahinuhinu:
Konupūmā – he maha ngā wā ka whakaurua he hinu whakahinuhinu ki roto i ngā whakatakotoranga konutea hei whakapai ake i te tukunga pokepokea ai i roto i te whakarewa werohanga.
Ka whakanui ake ngā whakaū o te organotin i te hototahitanga o te PVC ki ngā tāpiringa, ā, ka āwhina ā-kore i te ngāwari o te tukatuka.
4. Pānga ki te Māramatanga
4.1 Te Taunekeneke ki te Hanganga PVC
Ko te māramatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te horapa o te whakaū i roto i te PVC:
Ko ngā matūriki iti nei e pai te marara, e whakaū ana i te konupūmā me te konutea, ka whakaiti i te marara o te māramatanga, ka pupuri i te māramatanga.
Ngā mea whakaū o te organotinwhakaurua ki roto i ngā mekameka PVC, hei whakaiti i ngā hapa whatu.
Ka hua ake i ngā matūriki whakau he mata (he nui, kāore i te ōrite te tohatoha) te marara nui o te mārama, ka whakaiti i te mārama.
4.2 Ngā Momo Whakapūmau me te Māramatanga
E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau whakatairite:
Ko te Organotin – he kiriata PVC kua whakau, ka eke ki te neke atu i te 90% te whakawhiti mārama.
Ka puta te whakawhiti i waenga i te 85–88% e ngā whakaū konupūmā me te konutea.
Kāore i te pai ake te mahi a ngā whakau pumau he mata.
Ka whakaitihia hoki te mārama e ngā hapa pēnei i te "kanohi ika" (e pā ana ki te kounga/mararatanga o te whakapūmau)—ka whakaitihia ēnei raruraru e ngā whakapūmau kounga teitei.
5. Whakamutunga
He mea nui ngā mea whakaū wera mō te tukatuka PVC, mō te hanga i te ātete wera, te ngāwari ki te tukatuka, me te mārama:
He mea ahu mai i te aratakiTuku i te pumau engari ka tūtaki ki ngā whakahē a te taiao.
Konupūmā – konuteaHe pai ake te taiao engari me whakapai ake te ngāwari o te tukatuka/te māramatanga.
OrganotinE tino matatau ana i ngā āhuatanga katoa, engari he arai utu/ture kei ētahi rohe.
Me whakawhanake e ngā rangahau ā muri ake nei ngā mea pumau e whakataurite ana i te pumau, te pai o te tukatuka, me te kounga whatu hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te ahumahi.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-23-2025